Basic
Equations
The model uses the full nonlinear Shallow
Water Equations, depth averaged to two dimensions, together with the continuity
equation. Turbulent energy is
represented by an eddy viscosity analogy.
Forces due to bottom friction, wind stress and Coriolis
effects are also included. The model is
also capable of representing the influence of a fixed baroclinic
distribution
Method
The approach used is the finite element
method that represents the continuum as a series of discrete elements connected
at nodes, and then develops a solution for the simplified system. Elements consist of curved triangles and
quadrilaterals. An implicit solution
scheme is used for time dependent systems.
Each solution step requires several iterations.
The advantages of this method include:
a) The ability to represent irregular
boundary configurations
b) Variable mesh size, so that extra
detail can be applied in areas of special interest.
c) Direct solution of steady state problems
and longer time steps with the implicit solution for dynamic problems.